Blepharitis

Blepharitis is a common ocular condition that primarily affects the eyelids and usually occurs in both eyes. Blepharitis appears as debris or scurf along the lid margin upon ophthalmic examination.¹ Blepharitis can present in 2 forms: anterior blepharitis or posterior blepharitis.

Anterior blepharitis: occurs at the base of the eyelash margin; usually caused by bacteria or dandruff, in the case of seborrheic dermatitis.

Posterior blepharitis: occurs on the eyelid margin that comes into contact with the eye; usually caused by meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), whereas the oily layer of the tear film.³

Symptoms of blepharitis include:

• Itching
• Redness
• Burning
• Swollen, crusty eyelids
• Blurred vision (improves with blinking)
• Watery eyes
• Sensitivity to light¹

Blepharitis can be caused by an overproduction of Staphylococcus bacteria on the base on the eyelash margin, clogged meibomian glands, or from skin conditions, like dermatitis or rosacea.¹

Blepharitis is diagnosed based on a patient’s symptoms along with an eye care practitioner examining the front of the eye behind an ophthalmic microscope.

Medicated lid scrubs/wipes: remove the buildup of scurf along the eyelash margin.

Warm or hot compresses: heated compresses warm up the meibum inside our eyelids and allow for more optimal secretion onto the ocular surface.

Antibiotics: topical or oral antibiotics to rid of the bacteria on the eyelid margin.

Steroid drops: topical ophthalmic drops to reduce eyelid inflammation.

Restasis: immunosuppressive ophthalmic drops.

Treating underlying condition: In the case of associated skin conditions, treating the underlying condition is essential in improving the effect on the eyelids.²

Blepharitis can lead to other ocular issues, including hordeolum and chalazion (various versions of styes) and corneal issues. Lid inflammation and entropion (eyelashes turn inward toward the cornea) as a result of blepharitis can cause corneal injury and scarring, leading to decreased vision.¹ It is recommended to maintain adequate ocular hygiene, ensuring to keep the eyelids as clean as possible and seeking care with an eye care provider when signs and symptoms persist or worsen.³

1. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/blepharitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20370141
2. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/blepharitis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20370148
3. https://www.aoa.org/healthy-eyes/eye-and-vision-conditions/blepharitis?sso=y